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Establishment of precise and efficient breeding technology for industry-oriented traits of cauliflower

There are two parts in this project. One is the development of molecular markers for cauliflower curd color traits, and the other is the establishment of an accurate field survey method for curd color. In order to establish a consistent phenotypic selection method, by using a portable colorimeter, accurate indicators of the phenotypic changes of cauliflower crops can be established, so that the selection of cauliflower crops can have accurate indicators as a basis for observation and selection. The color of the cauliflower curd was investigated on the 14th day after the flowering. The shading of the leaves bundles significantly affected the changes in the surface color of the curds. The chromatic aberration value can be as high as 13.8 or more between with or without shading. In the future, we will continue to clarify the influence of the amount of light and the time of light. We will optimize the investigation technology to provide reliable phenotypic information of molecular markers development for the screening of curd traits. It is expected to accelerate the breeding of cauliflower varieties. The number of polymorphic markers of SNP markers, SSR markers and SRAP markers from references is far less than expected in the cauliflower F2 population used in this study. Although some of these markers are polymorphic among parents, the polymorphism disappears in the F2 population where the genotypes of only one of two parents exist. It is expected that using the Genotyping-by-sequencing could obtain more polymorphic markers in the next year. The curd color of F2 population has been surveyed in this year.

The number and distribution on chromosomes of 530 SNP markers developed in this study for Brassica oleracea.
Fig. 1. The number and distribution on chromosomes of 530 SNP markers developed in this study for Brassica oleracea.
The curd color of cauliflower line ‘H5’ cultivated in summer. Right: non-covered curd. Left: covered curd.
Fig. 2. The curd color of cauliflower line ‘H5’ cultivated in summer. Right: non-covered curd. Left: covered curd.