Leaf explants of Anthurium andraeanum 'Tropical' collected from three cultivation sites were cultured on full-strength MS medium and ammonium nitrate-deficient MS medium supplemented with BA, NAA, and coconut juice. After 2–3 months of culture, callus induction rates were 49.4 ± 45.5% and 34.8 ± 19.4% on full-strength MS and ammonium nitrate-deficient MS media, respectively, while explant browning rates were 14.3 ± 33.5% and 24.3 ± 38.2%, respectively. No significant differences were observed between the two media treatments.

▲Figure 1.Callus induction from leaf explants of Anthurium andraeanum 'Tropical' on different induction media (left: MS medium without NH₄NO₃; right: full-strength MS medium).